100+ Gemstones of the World, Sorted by Colour

Gemstones are nature’s most exquisite messengers — born of heat, time, and pressure. But more than origin, what catches the eye and stirs the soul is colour. Each hue carries its own energy: red ignites, blue soothes, green balances, and yellow uplifts. In this curated guide, we explore over 100 gemstones, sorted by colour — each paired with a brief two-line insight into its character and charm.

Black Gemstones

Dark and mysterious, black stones offer protection, strength, and introspection.

• Hematite: Metallic luster iron ore used for grounding.
• Jet: Fossilized wood used in mourning jewelry.
• Magnetite: Magnetic iron ore mineral.
• Obsidian: Volcanic glass used historically for tools and clarity.
• Onyx: Black banded agate used in grounding and protection.

Blue Gemstones

Blue gems carry calmness, wisdom, and serenity — like the vast skies and deep oceans.

• Azurite: Deep blue copper carbonate gem.
• Benitoite: Bright blue rare gem from California.
• Iolite: Pleochroic gem showing violet to blue shifts.
• Kyanite: Blue-bladed gem never needs cleansing.
• Lapis Lazuli: Royal blue with golden flecks, ancient spiritual gem.
• Sapphire: Famous for deep blue hues, known for wisdom and royalty.
• Sodalite: Dark blue with white streaks, enhances logic.
• Tanzanite: Rare violet-blue stone exclusive to Tanzania.
• Zircon: Diamond-like brilliance in various colors.

Blue-Green Gemstones

Blue-green gems blur the lines between water and earth — balancing clarity with grounding.

• Larimar: Sky-blue pectolite from the Dominican Republic.
• Turquoise: Sky-blue copper stone revered for protection.

Brown Gemstones

Earthy and grounding, brown gemstones remind us of roots, wood, and stone — they stabilize and protect.

• Andalusite: Olive gem with color shifts and clarity.
• Axinite: Brown-violet gem for vitality and grounding.
• Staurolite: Cross-shaped twin crystal called Fairy Cross.
• Tiger’s Eye: Golden shimmer gem tied to courage and focus.

Colorless Gemstones

Clear and radiant, these gems reflect light and invite inner focus and transparency.

• Diamond: Unmatched in hardness and brilliance, symbol of eternal love.

Green Gemstones

Green is the colour of growth, balance, and vitality — these gems feel like spring in solid form.

• Amazonite: Green-blue stone promoting harmony and truth.
• Chrysoprase: Apple-green chalcedony for joy and youth.
• Dioptase: Brilliant green copper crystal of forgiveness.
• Emerald: Lush green stone, symbolizes rebirth and prosperity.
• Grossular Garnet: Includes hessonite; green to honey colors.
• Jadeite: Rare jade variant, sacred in East Asia.
• Malachite: Rich green banded stone symbolizing protection.
• Nephrite: Tougher form of jade with softer green hues.
• Peridot: Lime green olivine linked to prosperity and growth.
• Serpentine: Earthy green stone aiding kundalini awakening.
• Tsavorite: Brilliant green garnet rivaling emerald.
• Uvarovite: Rare green garnet variety.
• Variscite: Green phosphate often confused with turquoise.

Mixed/Other Gemstones

Some gems defy categorization — shifting hues, iridescent tones, or complex chemistry.

• Agate: Layered chalcedony with varied colorful patterns.
• Alexandrite: Color-changing gem — green by day, red by night.
• Allanite: Rare black-brown stone with REEs.
• Almandine: Deep red garnet common in antique jewelry.
• Apatite: Colorful phosphate gem linked to learning.
• Aquamarine: Sea-blue beryl believed to bring calm and clarity.
• Barite: Heavy crystal for grounding and awareness.
• Bixbite: Extremely rare red beryl.
• Bloodstone: Dark green jasper with red spots, boosts vitality.
• Brookite: Titanium oxide crystal, rare collector mineral.
• Bytownite: Rare plagioclase feldspar.
• Cassiterite: Tin oxide used in old cuts.
• Celestite: Sky-blue crystal aiding spiritual communication.
• Cerussite: Lead carbonate with extreme dispersion.
• Chalcedony: Waxy luster stone in soft pastel tones.
• Chrysoberyl: Tough gem with cat’s-eye variety.
• Chrysocolla: Blue-green stone, soft but visually striking.
• Covellite: Indigo metallic copper mineral.
• Danburite: High-vibration clear crystal aiding enlightenment.
• Demantoid: Rare green garnet with high dispersion.
• Diaspore: Color-changing Turkish gem known as Zultanite.
• Enstatite: Pyroxene mineral, sometimes cut as cat’s-eye.
• Euclase: Blue gem with high brilliance.
• Feldspar: Group that includes moonstone, sunstone, labradorite.
• Fluorite: Multicolored crystal known for focus and clarity.
• Goethite: Rusty iron mineral sometimes seen in opals.
• Hackmanite: Tenebrescent variety of sodalite.
• Hessonite: Orange garnet known as ‘gomed’ in astrology.
• Idocrase (Vesuvianite): Green mineral symbolizing enthusiasm.
• Jeremejevite: Aluminum borate prized for rarity.
• Kornerupine: Green to brownish gem sometimes chatoyant.
• Kornerupine: Green to brownish gem, occasionally chatoyant.
• Labradorite: Iridescent feldspar of transformation and magic.
• Lepidolite: Lilac mica full of calming lithium.
• Marcasite: Iron sulfide similar to pyrite, used in vintage jewelry.
• Orthorhombic Sulfur: Bright yellow crystalline sulfur.
• Painite: One of the rarest minerals on Earth.
• Petalite: Colorless-pink gem for angelic communication.
• Phenakite: Clear gem for spiritual vision.
• Poudretteite: Delicate pink, very rare borosilicate.
• Prehnite: Greenish stone for preparedness and calm.
• Pyrite: Fool’s gold, enhances willpower and confidence.
• Pyrope: Dark red garnet rich in iron.
• Scapolite: Rare gem supporting decision-making.
• Sillimanite: Rare fibrous gem in earthy tones.
• Smithsonite: Zinc carbonate in pastel shades.
• Sphene (Titanite): Greenish gem with fire exceeding diamond.
• Taaffeite: Extremely rare mauve gem misidentified as spinel.
• Tourmaline: Rainbow-colored crystal known for emotional healing.
• Tugtupite: Pink gem from Greenland, glows under UV.
• Willemite: Zinc silicate that fluoresces green.
• Zoisite: Includes tanzanite and ruby-zoisite; boosts vitality.

Orange Gemstones

Vibrant and rare, orange stones awaken enthusiasm, creativity, and inner fire.

• Clinohumite: Rare collector’s gem in golden orange.
• Realgar: Bright orange arsenic mineral.
• Spessartite: Orange-red garnet, joyful and creative.
• Sunstone: Glittery feldspar radiating light and vitality.
• Wulfenite: Bright orange-yellow lead molybdate.

Pink Gemstones

Gentle and nurturing, pink gemstones reflect unconditional love, healing, and inner softness.

• Morganite: Pink beryl associated with divine love.
• Rhodochrosite: Rose-red mineral for heart healing.
• Rhodonite: Pink-black manganese stone promoting compassion.
• Thulite: Pink zoisite, found in Norway.

Purple Gemstones

Purple stones speak to the mystic — linked to intuition, spiritual depth, and transformation.

• Amethyst: Purple quartz linked to peace and spiritual clarity.
• Sugilite: Purple stone often linked to spiritual growth.

Red Gemstones

Red gemstones stir the heart — symbols of courage, vitality, and desire. These fiery stones carry boldness and beauty.

• Carnelian: Fiery orange-red chalcedony symbolizing courage.
• Cinnabar: Red mercury ore with silky luster.
• Garnet: Deep red gem of protection, love, and loyalty.
• Ruby: Fiery red gemstone, associated with passion and vitality.
• Spinel: Often confused with ruby, admired for its brilliance.

White Gemstones

White and colourless gems represent clarity, purity, and higher consciousness.

• Goshenite: Colorless beryl known for clarity and insight.
• Moonstone: Glowing sheen gem tied to moon and femininity.

Yellow Gemstones

Yellow gemstones carry the sun’s joy — bright, energizing, and full of clarity and warmth.

• Amber: Fossilized tree resin often with trapped life forms.
• Citrine: Golden quartz associated with abundance and warmth.
• Heliodor: Golden beryl linked to sunlight and leadership.
• Orthoclase: Feldspar component in moonstones.
• Topaz: Bright and durable, found in a range of vivid colors.

This rainbow of Earth’s treasures offers more than beauty — it invites reflection. Which colour calls to you? What are you drawn to — power, peace, clarity, or connection?

At PreciousCarats.com, every gemstone is presented with care, certification, and story. We invite you to explore gently. Your gem will call when the time is right.